Monday, August 24, 2009

Trials due over Xinjiang riots

Photo of the English language government China Daily newspaper on 31 July 2009
The recent detentions are said to be due to a call to the public

More than 200 people will be prosecuted on charges of involvement in the Xinjiang disturbances of last month, the China Daily has reported.

The trials are expected to start this week Urumqi, the capital of Xinjiang.

Charges include vandalising public property and transport, organising crowds to cause bodily harm to others, robbery, murder and arson.

Chinese police detained more than 1,500 people after violence between ethnic Uighurs and Han Chinese left 200 dead.

The China Daily said that most of the arrests were made in Urumqi and Kashgar, a southern Xinjiang city with a heavy concentration of Uighur people.

The state newspaper did not give a breakdown on how many Uighurs and how many Han would go on trial, but it said more than 170 Uighurs and 20 Han lawyers had been assigned to the suspects.

More security?

The newspaper reported last week that more than 3,300 items of physical evidence had been collected, including bricks and clubs stained with blood.

The evidence included 91 video clips and 2,169 photographs, it said.

Although security in Urumqi is already high, "a drastic increase in security is expected in the whole city," the newspaper said, especially around the Urumqi Intermediate People's Court.

Armed police are already conducting around-the-clock patrols in the area.

The riots broke out on 5 July after an initially peaceful protest by Uighur youths, apparently prompted by an earlier riot in a factory in southern China.

The government has insisted the violence which followed was engineered by Uighurs in exile, led by activist Rebiya Kadeer.

Beijing has been pursuing vigorous diplomatic complaints against countries such as Australia and Japan which have recently granted visas to Ms Kadeer to travel there and discuss her concerns.

Many Uighurs want more autonomy and respect for their culture and religion - Islam - than is allowed by China's strict centrist rule.

The violence in Xinjiang was the worst ethnic unrest in China for decades.

The government says 197 people died in the ensuing violence, and more than 1,700 were injured.

The government says most of the dead were Han Chinese, but the World Uighur Congress claims many Uighurs were also killed.

Swiss bank shatters Indian dream of getting info on black money stashed abroad

NEW DELHI, Aug. 24 (Xinhua) -- India's hope to acquire information on Indian black money stashed away in Swiss banks has finally shattered, with the latter refusing on Sunday to reveal any details, saying that "Swiss law and tax model convention don't permit name-fishing expedition" by a third country.

The blow to India came barely a week after Swiss banking giant UBS AG turned over details of 4,450 secret accounts to the United States, under an agreement agreed upon by the two.

The refusal by UBS AG has literally shattered Indian government's commitment to unearthing black money outside the country -- an issue that had raised much political heat during the general elections with the Opposition BJP making it a major poll plank, said political analysts.

"The Swiss banks have thrown waters on Indian aspirations. India is not United States. All these commitments before and after the general elections prove to be hollow now," said political analyst Professor Ajay Singh.

The Indian government was assuring the country something that is close to impossible. Why would the Swiss banks break their secrecy shield for India. The banking business thrives there on black money. In the United States, UBS got into a major financial problem and they agreed to divulge names only to get out of it," he added.

In fact, Indian Finance Minister Pranab Mukherjee recently said in Parliament that the government initiated a dialogue with Swiss authorities to obtain details on Indian black money stashed away in Swiss banks.

"Swiss authorities, I am told, have agreed for negotiations (on the issue)... We have already taken it (the issue of black money) not only with Swiss authorities but other nations as well," said Mukherjee, after the ruling Congress-led United Progressive Alliance government came to power for the second time in a row.

Mukherjee, at the same time, had also said that the government has no plans to bring in a new amnesty scheme for tax evaders, pointing out that in the past there have been complaints that the government was penalizing the honest tax payer as in every such scheme the normal rate of tax was reduced.

But, a top official at Swiss Bankers Association from Basel told an Indian news agency on Sunday: "Swiss law and even Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development's Model Tax Convention don't permit fishing expeditions, in other words, the indiscriminate trawling through bank accounts in the hope of finding something interesting. This means that India cannot simply throw its telephone book at Switzerland and ask if any of these people have a bank account here."

Political scientist Prof S.K. Gupta: "This is it. The long-awaited hope doesn't exist now, not at all. A study conducted by a professor of Indian Institute of Science in Bangalore has revealed that 56 percent of the black money deposited in Swiss Bank belongs to our Indians. The amount is approximately estimated to be 74,600billion rupees (around 1,500 billion U.S. dollars). All these moneys are believed to belong to people who earned by indulging incorruptions. Swiss banks won't betray clients by breaching secrecy contract to lose business."

Political science teacher Professor R.K. Choudhury said: "India has 1.4 trillion U.S. dollars more money in Swiss banks than rest of the world combined. Some 80,000 Indians travel to Switzerland every year, of whom 25,000 travel very frequently. Obviously, these people are not tourists. They must be traveling there for some other reason.

Dollar trades in upper 94 yen range in Tokyo

TOKYO, Aug. 24 (Xinhua) -- The U.S. dollar traded in the upper 94 yen range early Monday in Tokyo, up from its levels Friday in New York.

At 9 a.m., the dollar fetched 94.57-62 yen compared with Friday's 5 p.m. quotes of 94.35-45 yen in New York and 93.90-93 yen in Tokyo.

The euro traded at 1.4337-4342 dollars and 135.63-68 yen against late Friday's quotes of 1.4322-4332 dollars and 135.20-30 yen in New York and 1.4295-4298 dollars and 134.26-30 yen in Tokyo.

Bank Islam Malaysia to invest in IT solutions

KUALA LUMPUR, Aug. 24 (Xinhua) -- Bank Islam Malaysia Berhad, a Malaysian Islamic bank, has invested significantly in IT solutions spanning over a period of five years.

Jeroen Thijs, the bank's Chief Risk Officer, said here on Monday that the initial stage of the investment would see a risk management system being put in place.

Bank Islam Malaysia Berhad collaborated with SAS Malaysia to capitalize on the later's Risk Intelligence Solutions to further strengthen the bank's risk management framework.

SAS is an independent vendor in the business intelligence market operating with its business analytics software and services.

Thijs said after the memorandum signing ceremony between the two parties here on Monday that implementing the risk management system did not mean the bank was unable to handle risk at present.

The bank was aware of the risks it was facing and putting such system in place would enable the bank to take precautious and preventive measures to minimize risks, added Thijs.

He said he could not tell the exact investment involved in implementing such system but he was sure that the system would enhance the bank's performance.

The SAS Risk Management System of Bank Islam Malaysia Berhad will be completed in two phases with the first and second phases ready in January and April 2010 respectively.

The first phase deals with credit and market risks while the second phase deals with operational risk.

Thijs said the bank aimed to have a fine and robust risk analysis system so that the bank could eventually move towards offering better products.

Obesity tied to prostate cancer for both blacks, whites

BEIJING, Aug.24 (Xinhuanet) -- A U.S. study says obesity increases the risk of prostate cancer recurrence in both black and white men, challenging previous research which suggests obesity may be more significant for black men, according to media reports Monday.

Study senior author Dr. Stephen Freedland, an associate professor of urology and pathology at the Duke University Medical Center Prostate Center, and study author Dr. Jayakrishnan Jayachandran, a urology oncology fellow, examined the medical records of 1,415 prostate cancer patients that had undergone a radical prostatectomy.

It was found that race had no influence on the relationship between obesity and the aggressiveness of the cancer.

Jayachandran pointed in a news release from the school that higher BMI [body-mass index] was associated with significantly increased risk of cancer recurrence for both blacks and whites.

It is still unclear why obesity increases the risk of prostate cancer recurrence, but altered hormone levels might play a role.

"Obesity is associated with more estrogen and less testosterone, and it may be that lower testosterone promotes more aggressive tumors as recent studies have suggested," Jayachandran said.

Other obesity-related changes in the production of hormones, such as insulin, insulin-like growth factor or leptin, may also be involved in the development of more aggressive prostate cancer.

Jayachandran said that they are actively studying all of these factors.

(Agencies)

Influenza A/H1N1-related death cases rise to 16 in New Zealand

WELLINGTON, Aug. 24 (Xinhua) -- A woman who died in an Auckland hospital last week has been confirmed as New Zealand's 16th influenza A/H1N1 victim, the Ministry of Health said on Monday.

The ministry said although the woman had suffered underlying medical conditions, her case would be counted among those where the H1N1 virus was deemed the primary cause of death.

There were other deaths also under investigation by the coroner, the ministry said.

More than 3,000 people have tested positive for influenza A/H1N1, but the number of those infected is much higher as most people do not require medical treatment.

WHO warns of second wave of A/H1N1 flu pandemic

BEIJING, Aug. 24 (Xinhuanet) -- The World Health Organisation (WHO) is urging people around the world to be aware of the second wave of the influenza A/H1N1 pandemic as the northern autumn approaches, according to media reports Monday.

WHO Director General Margaret Chan warned that second and third waves had appeared in previous pandemics.

"We cannot say for certain whether the worst is over or the worst is yet to come. We need to be prepared for whatever surprises this capricious new virus delivers next " Chan said in a videotaped address to a symposium on flu in the Asia-Pacific region.

It is estimated that 250,000 to 500,0000 people die around the world every year from seasonal flu. However, some 1,799 people have died since the new virus was uncovered in Mexico six months ago, according to the UN health agency.

The symptoms of the new flu have turned out to be mild in most of the known cases, but it is proved to be more infectious than seasonal flu and more durable through the previous warmer months.

Influenza traditionally thrives during the northern autumn and winter. As the northern hemisphere edges towards the cooler season, emergency flu plans have been set into motion in many countries. While that includes many of the wealthiest nations -- with the most medicines, access to key antiviral drugs and vaccine development, as well as the best health care -- WHO spokesman Gregory Hartl pointed out that the hemisphere also includes five-sixths of the world's population. The vaccine is not expected to be ready for use until October and will only be available gradually.

Hartl said it was impossible to rule out the resurgence of the new virus before October to November, the more usual period for the growth in seasonal influenza.

"Everyone must be ready," said the WHO spokesman, "It is already amongst us, as we saw this summer."

(Agencies)

Vietnam's A/H1N1 flu cases increase to over 2,000

HANOI, Aug. 24 (Xinhua) -- The Vietnamese Ministry of Health confirmed 271 cases of A/H1N1 influenza in the country over the weekend, raising total number of flu patients to 2,014, local newspaper the People reported Monday.

Most of the new cases are in the southern part of the country, said the ministry.

So far, 1,198 patients have recovered and been discharged from hospitals. The rest are being quarantined and treated.

Vietnam has reported two deaths of A/H1N1 influenza since the first case was confirmed in the country.

S Korea's presidential office denies reports on DPRK's summit proposal

SEOUL, Aug. 24 (Xinhua) -- South Korea's presidential office said Monday there was no discussion on eyeing an inter-Korean summit during talks between the president and a DPRK delegation.

"There were only general discussions on the development of inter-Korean relations at President Lee's meeting with the North Korean (DPRK) delegation," said the office of the secretary to the president for foreign affairs and national security, adding that no issues related to an inter-Korean summit, as reported by some news outlets, were discussed.

Lee Dong-kwan, spokesman for the presidential office, said the government is consistent in its current DPRK policy that South Korea will give aid to the DPRK as long as the DPRK gives up its nuclear program.

"Dialogue is possible at any time and at any level, but this (the policy) says an inter-Korean summit or South-North dialogue similar to those of the past are not acceptable," he added.

The remarks came one day after South Korean President Lee Myung-bak met with DPRK delegates made up of DPRK leader Kim Jong-il's close aides, who came to pay respect to late former President Kim Dae-jung.

35 militants arrested in NW Pakistan search operations

ISLAMABAD, Aug. 24 (Xinhua) -- As many as 35 militants arrested in ongoing search operations in northwest Pakistan during the last24 hours, an army statement said Monday.

Pakistani security forces continued search operations in various areas of Swat and Malakand in North West Frontier Province(NWFP). 35 militants were arrested and six militants voluntarily surrendered to security forces in Swat, according to Inter Services Public Relations.

Relief activities were continued, and 265,012 cash cards have been distributed amongst the internally displaced persons of Malakand.

Over 1,600 militants have been killed since Pakistani security forces launched the military operation against Taliban militants late April after militants in early April entered the Buner district from the neighboring Swat district and refused to vacate the area despite their pledge to do so.

HIV-positive boy driven out of school in India

NEW DELHI, Aug. 24 (Xinhua) -- A nine-year-old HIV positive student was driven out of a government-run primary school in Uttar Pradesh, northern India, because the school's principal thought he would infect other children, reported Indo-Asian News Service on Monday.

The relatives of the child Monday filed a complaint against the principal of Belmonda Primary School in Allahabad for "humiliating" the child, whose parents have both died of AIDS, the full-blown stage of HIV virus.

After his father's death in June, the boy's maternal uncle brought him to his home in Jasra where the boy was admitted to the school.

A local government education administrative official said the incident exposes that it's not only the illiterate, awareness about AIDS and HIV is quite low amongst the educated class in India as well, according to the report.

A person cannot be infected with HIV virus otherwise than through blood and sperm.

Australia announces next ambassador to Lebanon

CANBERRA, Aug. 24 (Xinhua) -- Diplomat Jean Dunn will be Australia's next ambassador to Lebanon, Foreign Minister Stephen Smith announced Monday.

Smith said Dunn would replace Lyndall Sachs who had served as ambassador in Beirut since March 2006, Australian Associated Press reports.

Smith said Dunn was most recently assistant secretary in the agriculture and food branch of the Department of Foreign Affairs and Trade.

In that position she conducted Australia's World Trade Organisation agriculture negotiations. Before that she was ambassador to Turkey and had also served overseas in Seoul, Washington and Geneva.

Smith said Australia and Lebanon shared a close and long-standing relationship, underpinned by extensive community links.

He said there were an estimated 250,000 people of Lebanese background living in Australia, making a deep and vibrant contribution to Australian society.

Another 20,000 Australians live in Lebanon.

"Lebanon's continued development into an open and service-oriented economy provides opportunities for trade and commercial relations between Australia and Lebanon to grow," he said.

In 2008, total two-way merchandise trade amounted to 41 million dollars (34 million US dollars). Current opportunities for Australian companies are primarily focused on the education, food and beverage sectors.

Border troops to stand down as Preah Vihear conflict cools


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Photo by: Tracey Shelton
A Cambodian soldier sits metres away from Thai counterparts (background) at Sambok Khmum, near the Preah Vihear temple complex in July.

A 13-MONTH military standoff that has claimed more than seven lives and left hundreds homeless at an ancient border temple is at last giving way to peace, Prime Minister Hun Sen declared.

In a sign of thawing relations with Thailand, he announced plans to reduce the number of troops stationed around the 11th-century Preah Vihear temple in a gesture of political good will. The disputed frontier has been the scene of violent clashes with Thai soldiers since 2008.

Hun Sen said Thailand had reduced the number of its soldiers stationed on the border to just 30, effectively ushering in a cease-fire. At the height of the fighting, Thai troops massed in their hundreds. Cambodia now intends to send a number of troops away from the area and back to their bases in nearby provinces, Hun Sen said, although he declined to give precise figures.
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Photo by: AFP
Thai troops were out in force days after the standoff began at Preah Vihear temple on July 19, 2008.

Preah vihear: Timeline of Tensions
  • 11th century: Construction begins on the Preah Vihear temple complex.
  • 1904, 1907: Franco-Siamese treaties create an ambiguous border area, leaving the ownership of Preah Vihear in doubt.
  • 1954: Thai troops occupy Preah Vihear.
  • June 15, 1962: The International Court of Justice rules, by a 9-3 vote, that the Preah Vihear temple complex belongs to Cambodia and not to Thailand, though the surrounding territory remains in doubt.
  • July 7, 2009: UNESCO lists the Preah Vihear temple complex as a World Heritage site.
  • July 17, 2008: Around 400 Thai troops and 800 Cambodian troops are massed at the border near the temple.
  • October 2008: A series of skirmishes at the border leaves two Cambodian soldiers dead and several others from both sides wounded.
  • April 2009: Three Thai soldiers are killed in renewed hostilities.
  • June 24, 2009: UNESCO ignores a complaint filed by Thailand in protest of Preah Vihear's World Heritage status.
  • August 22, 2009: Prime Minister Hun Sen announces a partial withdrawal of troops stationed around the temple.

"Having too many troops up there is not really good," said Hun Sen during a trip to an outlying province on Saturday. "We have a plan to change the deployment a little. If anything happened, it wouldn't take long to send our troops up again, but I hope there won't be any fighting there."

Cambodia and Thailand have been at loggerheads over the land around the Preah Vihear temple for decades.

Although the World Court ruled in 1962 that it belonged to Cambodia, the most accessible entrance to the ancient Khmer temple, with its crumbling stone staircases and elegant carvings, is in northeastern Thailand. The ruins were granted UN World Heritage status in July 2008, throwing Cambodian-Thai relations into a downward spiral.

Srey Doek, commander of Military Division 3 stationed at Preah Vihear temple, described the move as "a good signal of peace". He confirmed Sunday that several Cambodian units were poised to return home as relations between the nations stabilised, but stressed the withdrawal would not jeopardise efforts to safeguard the site.

"We are working to reduce some of our armed forces at Preah Vihear temple in line with the prime minister's orders," he told the Post. "Some are turning back today to their bases in other provinces. The reduction won't affect our ability to defend the temple because the situation there is returning to normal. If the situation changes and we need them to come back, it will only take them 20 minutes to get here."

Senior military officials from both sides are scheduled to meet this week to discuss further cooperation. Songkitti Jaggabatra, supreme commander of the Royal Thai Armed Forces, will visit Royal Cambodian Armed Force's Commander in Chief Pol Saroeun and other senior officials, according to Nem Sowath, Cabinet chief for the Ministry of Defence.

In a further gesture of solidarity, Thai and Cambodian soldiers are due to take part in a joint religious festival at Ta Thav tomorrow. Ten Navun, an RCAF first lieutenant stationed at the border, said: "Our ceremony's purpose is to develop understanding and ease tensions."

The border has never been fully demarcated, in part because it is littered with land mines left over from decades of war in Cambodia.

Civil society and opposition groups could not be reached for comment on Sunday.
http://www.phnompenhpost.com/index.php/2009082427945/National-news/border-troops-to-stand-down-as-preah-vihear-conflict-cools.html

Thailand finalizes 15th ASEAN Summit's venue: Deputy PM

BANGKOK, Aug. 24 (Xinhua) -- It has been finalized that the 15th ASEAN Summit will be hosted at the beach resort town Hua-Hin and Cha-Am, nearby the capital Bangkok, Thai Deputy Prime Minister Suthep Thaugsuban said Monday.

The 15th ASEAN Summit will be organized from Oct. 23 to 25, Thai language news agency Matichon Online reported.

Hua-Hin is located in Prachuap Khiri Khan province, which is about 200 kilometers south of Bangkok, while Cha-Am is a district in the southern part of Phet-cha-bu-ri province, which borders Pra-chuab Khi-ri Khan.

National exam scores improve


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Photo by: Sovan Philong
Students celebrate Friday after receiving their exam results at Chba Om Pav High School.

NEARLY 80 percent of the 86,610 high school students who took the national exam last month earned passing scores, according to data from the Ministry of Education, Youth and Sport, marking a 6 percent increase over last year.

Chroeng Lim Sry, the director of the ministry's high schools department, said on Friday that 67,377 students - roughly 78 percent of those who sat for the exam - had passed.

Results were made public in Phnom Penh and Kandal province on Friday, and results for all other provinces were posted Saturday.

Chroeng Lim Sry said the results indicated that the quality of instruction in the Kingdom's schools might have improved over last year, when only 70.7 percent of the 77,178 students who took the national exam passed.

Cheating concerns
But Cambodian Independent Teachers Association President Rong Chhun cautioned against reading too much into the scores.

"The high percentage of students passing the exam has not shown their real capacity," he said. "There have been irregularities, like bribing officials for answers and leaking the contents of the math section before the exam."

But Chroeng Lim Sry said the heightened security presence while the exam was being administered had cut down on cheating.

Chan Kham Kheour, director of the education department in Ratanakkiri province, said Friday that she believed fewer students had resorted to cheating this year on account of the security.

"We wanted to see the real capacity of the students," she said.

The government reiterated on Sunday its intention to sue the brother of murdered trade union leader Chea Vichea for claiming the authorities were beh

The government reiterated on Sunday its intention to sue the brother of murdered trade union leader Chea Vichea for claiming the authorities were behind the killing, but admitted it has yet to notify him officially.

Chea Mony, president of the Free Trade Union of Workers of the Kingdom of Cambodia, made the remarks at the Appeal Court on August 17. The court had ordered further investigations into the case following requests from the defence lawyers of Born Samnang and Sok Sam Oeun, the two men convicted of Chea Vichea's shooting in 2004.

"I maintain my stance from the beginning and acknowledge that [Born Samnang and Sok Sam Oeun] were fake killers, and I urge the court to find the real killers," he said at the time. "I am ready to take responsibility and dare to be imprisoned for my conclusion about my brother's case, which is that the government prepared a plan to kill my brother."

Khiev Sophak, spokesman for the Ministry of Interior, said Sunday that the government intends to use the full force of the law against Chea Mony, although it has yet to notify him of its intentions.

"We haven't sued Chea Mony yet, but our ministry reserves our rights to lodge a complaint against him, without scheduling a specific time, because his criticism of our government was very serious," he said.

Speaking to the Post, Chea Mony said Sunday that he had yet to receive any formal notification of the threatened lawsuit.

"I haven't received any official information from the government about preparing to sue me," he said, stating his continued belief that the authorities were responsible for his brother's killing. "I only know about the threat of a lawsuit because I read about it in several newspapers."

The Cambodian Supreme Court released the two men convicted of murdering the outspoken union leader in December last year, sending their case to the Appeal Court for further investigation pending a retrial and citing contradictory evidence in the prior trials.


I only know about the threatened lawsuit because I read it in the papers


The two men had been in prison for nearly five years of their 20-year sentences, but were freed on provisional release pending their retrial.

Cambodian and international human rights groups that said the pair were used as scapegoats.

In a statement dated August 21, the Free Trade Union renewed its appeal for the judiciary to find and prosecute the real killers. It said the case should be reinvestigated in order to secure justice not just for the victim, but also his family and the two accused, Born Samnang and Sok Sam Oeun. The statement condemned the culture of impunity that, it said, was gaining increasing hold in a state where the law is used to silence political dissent.

Infant girl killed in P Vihear bombing

A YEAR-OLD girl was killed and her parents severely injured in an explosion over the weekend in Preah Vihear province that police have described as a premeditated attack.

Hun Saravuth, deputy commander of the provincial military police, said the bomb, which exploded at about midnight on Friday, had been placed under the Cham Muslim family's elevated house in Preah Vihear's Kulen district and detonated by remote control.

The parents, whom he identified as Him Les, 42, and Lesro Pihas, 38, had returned home at about 11pm after watching television at a neighbour's house.

The year-old girl, identified only as Liza, died in the explosion, Hun Saravuth said.

The two parents are receiving medical treatment in Phnom Penh, though Hun Saravuth declined to name the hospital in which they were staying.

Motive unknown
"We are investigating the case right now, and we cannot speculate whether this attack was the result of a business deal or of personal revenge," Hun Saravuth said.

Keo Chamroeun, deputy police chief of Preah Vihear province, said Sunday that the victims were not originally from Preah Vihear and were sometimes viewed as "outsiders", but declined to elaborate.

Kingdom's bats could be at risk, report says

THE effects of agricultural encroachment and infrastructure development on the domestic bat population remain understudied, and even basic knowledge about the various species of the flying mammal in Cambodia is lacking, according to a study presented at a seminar Friday.

The study featured the research of recent graduates of the Royal University of Phnom Penh's master's in biodiversity conservation programme.
Va Vuthy's report on bats identified three new species, bringing the national total up to 53.

He was among seven recent graduates to present research findings, which touched on topics from gibbons to crocodiles. One objective of the seminar, according to an RUPP press release, was to "promote collaboration among NGOs and public and private sectors for research in biodiversity conservation".

New homes for dump families

Ex-scavengers hope to start tourism businesses at Oudong Mountain.
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Photo by: Heng Chivoan
Former scavenger families from the Stung Meanchey dump site draw numbers Saturday for new plots of land near Oudong Mountain in Kandal province.

ONE month after City Hall closed Stung Meanchey dump, members of the more than 500 families who formerly earned their living as scavengers there on Saturday received plot numbers for new land located near Oudong Mountain in Kandal province.

The families contributed 277,000,000 riels (US$67,282) towards the purchase of the land, whereas the municipality's Urban Poor Development Fund (UPFD) contributed 625,000,000 riels, said Pen Van Doeun, the chief of Damnak Thom Samakei commune.

The families will be required to pay back the UPDF loan at a rate of 1,200 riels per day.

Each plot of land measures 4.5 metres by 12 metres, Pen Van Doeun said, adding that the families can move there whenever they want.

Several of the Stung Meanchey scavengers, most of whom had been renting property near the dump site, said they were eager to start new businesses that they said would cater to tourists.

"Even though we lost our jobs at the old dump, we are excited to move to a tourism site," said Toch At, a former scavenger.

Phnom Penh Deputy Governor Mann Chhoeun said he was "really proud" of the 535 families.

"They are garbage collectors, but they had a good idea to save money together and to buy their own land," he said. "Who believed they could do that?"

Frenchmen accused in paedophilia cases

One of the two stayed in Cambodia three years, recording his deviant sexual exploits, police say.
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Photo by: Photo Supplied
Claude Demeret (left) and Michel Charlot (second from right) Friday at the municipal Anti-Trafficking Police department.

TWO French nationals were charged in paedophilia cases on Sunday in Phnom Penh Municipal Court with soliciting child prostitution and possessing child pornography.

Sixty-three-year-old Michel Jean Raymond Charlot was charged under Article 34 of the Law on Suppression of Human Trafficking and Sexual Exploitation with soliciting child prostitution, and another Frenchman, 60-year-old Claude Jean-Pierre Demeret, was charged under Article 34 and Article 39 with soliciting child prostitution and possession of child pornography, Phnom Penh Municipal court deputy prosecutor Kry Sok Y said Sunday. The two were to begin serving pretrial detention today.

Charlot was arrested on Thursday at a guesthouse in the Boeung Kak area after he solicited a 16-year-old girl near Wat Phnom and brought her back to his room, according to Municipal Anti-Human Trafficking and Juvenile Protection Bureau police chief Keo Thea. The girl then implicated Demeret, who was arrested at a guesthouse in Chamkarmon distict.

Samleang Seila, Cambodian director for Action Pour Les Enfants (APLE), a child rights group, said Sunday that his organisation tipped off police to suspicion surrounding Charlot, who had been in Cambodia just one week.

"We warmly welcome the fast intervention by police in this case," Samleang Seila said.

After Charlot's arrest, police said, they raided Demeret's guesthouse and confiscated a cache of sex toys and child pornography. Demeret had created dozens of pornographic videos and photos of his deeds, police said, all of which were seized as evidence. Samleang Seila said that Demeret had been living in Cambodia for three years, during which he filmed himself committing a variety of immoral acts.

"Both men claimed at the police station that they filmed and photographed themselves for their own entertainment and not to sell for a profit, but that doesn't make them any less guilty," Samleang Seila said. "We would like to let sex tourists know that Cambodia is not a place where they can commit acts of paedophilia without facing the consequences."

Pursat's 'holy cow' laid to rest

Damnak Sangke commune residents believe the body of the calf, born with crocodile-like skin despite having died last week, holds magical properties.
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Photo by: Reuters/Chor Sokunthear
People gather Friday to give money, offer incense and collect "holy water" from a dead calf that is rumoured to hold powers of healing after it was born with snakelike skin in Pursat.

Hundreds of Cambodians staged a ceremony after the death of a "holy cow" whose spit could supposedly cure several illnesses, local officials said.

The mystical calf, which reportedly had unusual skin that looked like crocodile hide, was born last week but died just two days later in northern Pursat province's Damnak Sangke, village chief Sok Mim said.

He said about 100 villagers gathered at the house of the cow's owner, Outh Kdep, for a three-day memorial ceremony. Despite living on the poverty line, many of them dug into their pockets to help finance the elaborate funeral.

"A lot of people have flocked to the ceremony. They offered money and lit incense sticks before the cow to pray for it to be reborn and live a longer life," Sok Mim told reporters.


SOME PEOPLE USED THE SPIT FROM THE COW'S MOUTH TO CURE THEIR TOOTHACHE AND OTHER ILLNESS.


"The cow looked strange. Its legs have signs like carved arts and its skin is like a crocodile's skin. Old people believe that the cow is holy. Some people used the spit from the cow's mouth to cure their toothache and other illness. They said they recovered from aches afterwards," Sok Mim said.

The female calf was born last Tuesday but died Thursday in Damnak Sangke.

A local police official said villagers believed the cow had mystical powers because there had been a lot of rain in the drought-hit village the day after the calf was born.

Yim Rith, 60, a community leader, said Cambodians have for centuries worshipped a cow god believed to bring peace and prosperity, the Associated Press reported. The deity disappeared from their land long ago, but the calf may have been a sign it was returning to help them, the AP quoted him as saying.

The calf's birth drew hundreds of villagers to the remote outpost. There, they lit incense to pray for its well-being and collected its saliva for cures.

The sudden influx of visitors is believed to have panicked the cow's mother. Unable to produce enough milk to feed it, her calf died. Its corpse was placed on a plastic sheet, and people washed water over it in the hope of making the liquid holy.

Srey Nak, 72, said that when some was applied to her joints and teeth, old pains and aches went away, according to the AP.

"But I am very upset that the cow god came to live with us for just three days and has now died," the AP quoted her as saying. "If she stayed longer, then many sick people could have been treated."

Un Dary, general director of religious affairs for Cambodia's Ministry of Cults and Religions, told reporters he did not know about the case, but that many Cambodians subscribe to animism - a belief that spirits can inhabit all sorts of living and inanimate objects.

Whenever an odd animal makes an appearance, he said, it is cause for the superstitious to celebrate.

He speculated that the freak appearance of the calf may have been due to a vitamin deficiency or virus.

Outh Kdeb, 40, told reporters that, had the cow lived, "my family and the people in this area as well as the whole entire Cambodian nation would have achieved more peace and prosperity".

The calf was buried in a rice field near Outh Kdeb's house. Villagers contributed 150,000 riels (US$36.27) and she contributed 200,000 riel for a ceremony with six Buddhist monks to give thanks and wishes for its soul, praying for it to be reborn as soon as possible. AFP

King Father compares CPP to his own rule

Former monarch says the ruling party is the "younger sibling" to his own Sangkum Reastr Niyum party of the 1950s
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Photo by: AFP
King Father Norodom Sihanouk arrives at Phnom Penh International Airport in this file photo.

KING Father Norodom Sihanouk on Thursday compared the modern-day Cambodian People's Party to his own Sangkum Reastr Niyum party, founded in 1955, framing both groups as capable stewards of national sovereignty and national progress.

"Now, under the smart leadership of Samdech Hun Sen, Chea Sim, Samdech Heng Samrin ... [the] Cambodian People's Party is following from the legacy of Sangkum Reastr Niyum, during the time that I was president," the King Father said during a meeting with nuns and laymen at his royal residence in Siem Reap province. The event was televised on TVK on Friday and Saturday.

"I have announced publicly to the people that the Cambodian People's Party is the younger sibling of Sangkum Reastr Niyum, especially in its guidance of the people and the nation to happiness and progress in all fields, and in its successful preservation of our sovereignty and independence for generations to come," he said.

In addition to praising the CPP, the monarch also recounted his own political achievements, noting the central role he played in securing independence from France.

"In history, from 1951 to 1953, I was honoured to work towards demanding independence [from France] and completed the pursuit of independence in November 1953," he said.

Cheam Yeap, a CPP lawmaker, said Sunday that he wanted to express gratitude to the King Father for his remarks on behalf of all CPP members. He said that the King Father considered the CPP as the "younger sibling" of Sangkum Reastr Niyum because he recognised the successful polices implemented by the CPP.

King Father Norodom Sihanouk, 87, returned to Cambodia on July 9 after receiving medical treatment in China. He is scheduled to go back to China on September 3 for further medical attention.
http://www.phnompenhpost.com/index.php/2009082427929/National-news/king-father-compares-cpp-to-his-own-rule.html

Afghan Diary

afghandiary

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Photo by: Michael Hayes
Secret ballot: Afghan women display their ink-stained fingers after voting at the Sultan Raiza High School for Girls in Mazar-i-Sharif on Thursday.
For several reasons, I decided to go to the northern city of Mazar-i-Sharif on Thursday to watch Afghans vote.

It seemed like a good idea to get out of the capital and avoid the almost 300-strong international press pack that would be racing around the dusty city following President Karzai and his main opponent, Abdullah Abdullah.

Since domestic air travel is all too often a hit-or-miss endeavor, with flights delayed, cancelled or just never showing up, we took the road to Mazar - one of the few relatively safe highways in the whole country. Only complete fools or those with a death wish take the road to Kandahar. The road to Jalalabad in the east is an equally risky proposition.

As well, all reports indicated that the polling in Mazar would go off relatively smoothly. I had no desire to get attacked with rockets or, even worse, have my throat slit by the Taliban.

I hooked up with two American photographers, and we left Kabul at 6am on election eve, taking the 428-kilometre paved road north. Just outside the city our fixer handed me an Afghan shawl. "Here, put this on," he said. Apparently, I looked too American. What a surprise.

The road up to and through the 3-kilometre-long Salang tunnel, sitting at 3,360 metres, is one of the most majestic in the world. If peace ever breaks out, tourists will no doubt flock here for the views. After a nine-hour haul we arrived in Mazar without incident.

On voting day - the first time in the country's ancient history the government has organised national elections on their own - we showed up at Wazir Akhbar Khan High School promptly at 7am when the polls opened.

Election officials, smartly dressed with finely wrapped turbans and well-groomed beards, sat out front of the school's mud walls exuding a seriousness fit for the occasion. They checked our Election Commission passes and welcomed us into the yard. Male and burqa-clad female voters started to enter the compound in a trickle that soon turned into a steady stream.

Inside the school building, voters - men through one end of the building and women through the other - followed a simple set of procedures: IDs checked, fingers dipped in purple ink, ballots issued, candidates ticked behind basic cardboard stands, and then ballots deposited in boxes. All smooth as Mazari silk.

Leaving the polling station, voters seemed proud to hold up their ink-stained fingers and pose for us photographers. Surprisingly, we were even allowed to go to the women's side to do the same. The men really didn't like it, but the women did not hesitate to display from behind their sparkling white burqas the purple digit.

Those of us from the West have the luxury of being cynical about democracy, but there is something rather moving about seeing a war-weary people participate in a process that they hope may lead to a better, less violent, more equitable future. Needless to say, they deserve it.

We moved on to Balkh University, where voter turnout was larger. Mr Hafiz, one of the school's administrators, was happy to exclaim: "See, no problem. Anyone can vote for anybody they want. No problem. I didn't even tell my children who to vote for."

A young student clung by my side as I strolled through the halls, happy to practise his English. "The election is very peaceful here," he said. "Only problems in the south, not in Mazar."

I asked him how old he was, and when he said 17, I asked how he could vote, thinking that the age requirement for voting was 18.
Mr Hafiz explained. "No, no, he says 17 but actually he's 20. He wants to avoid the military." I told him we were quite familiar in Cambodia with flexible birth dates to avoid conscription. He smiled.

At the Sultan Raiza High School for Girls, the women came out in droves. Once inside the main gate, burqas were pulled back, revealing made-up, excited faces rarely seen by foreign men - or locals, for that matter. An almost festive atmosphere reigned, as if this was one of the few times women could crowd together and chat up a storm in a semi-public environment.

At 5pm we went back to Wazir Akhbar Khan High School to watch the vote-counting. Election observers and party officials remained attentive as each ballot was called out.

After an hour the count was 480 for Abdullah, 56 for Karzai, with single votes for two other candidates - a veritable small sweep for the former Northern Alliance foreign minister who railed against corruption in the Karzai administration during the campaign.

So polling went smoothly in Afghanistan's major northern city. The only low point was when an Associated Press reporter asked me if I'd heard of any violence. When I said no, she replied: "Oh, that stinks. Now I don't have a story." Leave it to the Western press to wish more suffering on the Afghan people.

Initial results won't be announced until September 3. The government says there were 267 attacks by the Taliban throughout the country, and 26 people were killed. Two voters in Kandahar had their ink-stained fingers cut off.

Cries of foul play are widespread, registration cards were readily for sale, and allegations of ballot box stuffing are ubiquitous.
What's that old saw? Democracy is a terrible form of government. But everything else is worse.http://www.phnompenhpost.com/index.php/2009082427942/World-news/afghan-diary.html

Proposed credit bureau to regulate lending

National Bank of Cambodia aims to have the bureau – which it says will manage the Kingdom’s microfinance institutions and establish a national financial database – up and running by 2011

Cambodia's central bank will establish a credit bureau to manage microfinance lending and avoid loan duplication by 2011, a senior official said last week.

National Bank of Cambodia Director General Tal Nay Im said the bureau would allow the country's microfinance institutions (MFIs) to submit lending details into a national financial database accessible across the sector.

It would prevent clients' using one piece of collateral, usually soft title on property, to apply for loans at more than one lender, a practice which has been linked to a rising incidence of non-performing loans in the sector.

Many rural borrowers do not have [hard] land titles, so they use papers recognising their possession of land as collateral to borrow money from a financial institution," she said. "Later, they ask the local authority to issue two or three more papers for the same land or house and use them to borrow from other microfinance institutions."


Credit agents do not ask me what i will use the loan for, but … if i have collateral.


The credit bureau would stamp out the practice, she said.

Figures released earlier this month by the Cambodian Microfinance Association show non-performing loans rising from 1.75 percent at the end of the first quarter to 3.39 percent at the end of the second quarter.

Borrowers spoken to by the Post Friday confirmed the practice.

Pen Huch, 35, from Sdech Kong Khang Cheong commune in Kampot province's Banteay Meas district, said she had borrowed a total of $5,000 from three institutions - ACLEDA bank, MFI Amret and CHC Limited - with the intention of lending the money on at a higher rate of interest.

"Credit agents do not ask me what I will use the loan for, but they asked me if I have collateral," Pen Huch said.

A certificate recognising ownership of land could be bought from local authorities for 5,000 riels ($1.21), she said.

However, Pen Huch said she was cheated by the villagers she lent to and was now unable to repay the loan.
"Now I am completely in debt. I have sold my rice field to repay the debts, but it is still not enough."

She said she still owed $1,000 and alleged that the lenders were forcing her to sell her house to repay the debts or face court action.

Uk Chaim, 50, from the same commune, said she received six land ownership papers from the local authorities for her single piece of land and used them to borrow $4,000 from six creditors last year.

"I have sold my rice field to repay the debts, but now I still owe them about $1,000 and they are forcing me to sell my last property - the land where my house is - to repay the debts," she said.

"The future credit bureau will be definitely significant to prevent rates of NPL from going up," said Peter Sheerin, a credit bureau and risk management adviser at the International Finance Corporation (IFC), the private-sector financing arm of the World Bank.

The IFC has been providing technical support for 18 months but hopes the bureau could be established before 2011, he said. "Now, the major challenge is around having to change the law to provide a legislative framework to allow for the establishment of the credit bureau," Sheerin said, adding it would cost between $2 million and $3 million.

A priority on the legislative front is the creation of laws around handling confidential information, which Tal Nay Im said was critical to allow the bureau to keep track of the credit histories of borrowers.

Annual bank report states bad loans minimal in 2008

Central Bank notes, however, that NPLs increased at a number of major lenders, including Canadia Bank, ANZ Royal and FTB

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Photo by: SOVAN PHILONG
A banking customer withdraws money at an ATM in Phnom Penh this month. Most of the Kingdom’s banks recorded an increase in non-performing loans in 2008, the National Bank of Cambodia said in a report.
Bad loans Rising
  • ANZ Royal saw NPLs increase from 0.4pc in 2007 to 2.6pc last year
  • FTB also experienced a rise in NPLs over the same period – from 30.7pc to 32pc
  • Canadia Bank saw NPLs climb from 6.8pc to 11.1pc
Source: National Bank of Cambodia
NON-PERFORMING loans (NPLs) were kept to a "considerably low" level in 2008 despite rapid credit growth, but several large banks performed significantly worse than the sector average, according to a central bank report released Friday.

The National Bank of Cambodia's (NBC) 2008 annual banking supervision report, published on its Web site, showed that non-performing loans rose from 3.4 percent of total loans at the end of 2007 to 3.7 percent as of the end of last year. The absolute value of NPLs climbed from US$52.95 million to $87.44 million over the period as the total value of loans soared 54.7 percent from $1.51 billion to $2.35 billion.

In the report, the NBC described the level as "considerably low" given that the banking system "experienced rapid credit growth" in 2008.

NBC Director General Tal Nay Im said the rise in NPLs was concentrated among a few banks - the report shows these are Canadia Bank, the Foreign Trade Bank of Cambodia (FTB) and ANZ Royal - but said the sector performed strongly.

"It's customary for NPLs to rise when the economy slows down," she said. "[But] it is not serious. The repayments were just late, it does not mean they are in default."

Around 32 percent of the FTB's $86.1 million loan book was non-performing at the end of last year, slightly up from 30.7 percent a year earlier when it had $64.1 million in outstanding loans, according to the report.

Canadia Bank, which owns 46 percent of FTB, reported 11.1 percent of its $409.5 million in loans as non-performing, up from 6.8 percent of a $338.1 million loan book at the end of 2007.

Advanced Bank of Asia was the other poor performer in terms of NPLs, but its NPL ratio of 12.8 percent was an improvement on the 26 percent recorded a year earlier as its loan book doubled to $24.45 million.

Bad loans at Singapore Banking Corp dropped from 12.3 percent to 3.9 percent.
ANZ Royal also suffered, with NPLs rising from 0.4 percent to 2.6 percent over the course of 2008.

FTB General Manager Gui Anvanith said the NBC based its report on unaudited figures. The bank's 2008 financial statement, which he said was audited by PricewaterhouseCoopers, put the bank's NPLs at 28 percent, up from 13 percent a year earlier, he said.

Anvanith said the increase in NPLs was mostly attributable to six large companies that were each three months in arrears on loan repayments. He refused to name the customers but said they were in the agricultural, construction, hotel and power sectors.

"We are not concerned that we will lose money because all the loans we offered have been secured by collateral, and the collateral value is always 100 percent higher than the amount of the loan."

He said NPLs had dropped to about 17 percent by July and anticipated the level to fall further to between 7 percent and 10 percent by the end of the year.

ANZ Royal CEO Stephen Higgins said it was natural NPLs would rise as a result of the financial crisis, as they have in almost every country.
"In that context, a 2.6 percent NPL ratio is fairly modest, and as much as anything, reflects ANZ's conservative approach to provisioning," he wrote in an email Friday. "For these NPLs, we don't actually expect to lose any money on them."

He said they involved a small number of loans written several years ago with a high level of security. A common characteristic was that they were property-related clients experiencing cash-flow issues, he said.

Canadia Bank financial controller Ou Sophanarith said Friday that he expected that NPLs would drop to 7 or 8 percent this year.
"We are quite stable and have no concern because all loans have been secured by collateral," he added.

The report said most credit was channelled to the wholesale and retail trading sectors, followed by the services sector - mainly hotels and restaurants - telecoms and media, and other non-financial services.

Manufacturing also obtained significant bank financing, as did the commercial real estate, residential real estate and construction sectors.

However, while growing credit to the real estate sector was seen as a "major concern for supervisors" as the bursting of the real estate bubble presented a "genuine risk" to the banking system, the annual report added that central bank guidelines limiting bank lending to the real estate sector to 15 percent of lending portfolios, and the doubling of reserve requirements last year to 16 percent, had limited the sector's exposure.

Tal Nay Im said the bad loans were due to producers and manufacturers struggling with cash flow as a result of decreased trading activity, and said the real estate sector was not a major problem.

Despite the rise in NPLs, the report showed 2008 was still a profitable year for the sector. Net profits at Canadia were $34.5 million, making it the country's most profitable bank ahead of Cambodian Public Bank.
http://www.phnompenhpost.com/index.php/2009082427936/Business/annual-bank-report-states-bad-loans-minimal-in-2008.html